NKHANI

Mu 2022, chuma chapadziko lonse lapansi chidatsika kwambiri pakati pa kubuka kwa COVID-19, mikangano yaku Russia-Ukraine, vuto lamphamvu komanso kukwera kwamitengo.M’zachuma zotsogola, kutsika kwapadziko lonse kwadzetsa chiwopsezo cha kugwa kwachuma padziko lonse pamene inflation ikupitiriza kukwera ndipo Federal Reserve ikukweza chiwongoladzanja mwaukali.Misika yomwe ikubwera komanso mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene akukumananso ndi mavuto ambiri pakusintha kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi.Mayiko ambiri ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zopewera miliri ndi chithandizo cha mfundo.Mavuto monga kusokonekera kwa chakudya ndi mphamvu komanso kukwera kwamitengo yamagetsi chifukwa cha mkangano pakati pa Russia ndi Ukraine zakhudza kwambiri mayikowa.Izi zingasokoneze chuma.Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti ngakhale kukula kwachuma cha China kungachedwe pang'onopang'ono mu 2022, ndikukhazikitsa pang'onopang'ono ndondomeko ya ndondomeko ndi njira zotsatila kuti zikhazikitse chuma, chitukuko cha chuma cha China chayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro za kukhazikika ndi kubwezeretsa, ndipo 2023 ikuyembekezeka kukhala injini yofunikira kulimbikitsa kuyambiranso kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi.

Kodi chidzachitike ndi chiyani pakufunika kwazitsulo padziko lonse lapansi mu 2023?

Malinga ndi zomwe zanenedweratu zomwe zatulutsidwa posachedwa ndi MetallurgicalIndustry Planning and Research Institute, malinga ndi dera:

Asia 

Mu 2022, kukula kwachuma ku Asia kudzakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu chifukwa chakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi, mikangano ya Russia ndi Ukraine komanso kuchepa kwachuma kwa China.Kuyang'ana kutsogolo kwa 2023, Asia ili pachiwopsezo chakukula kwapadziko lonse lapansi, pomwe kukwera kwamitengo kukuyembekezeka kutsika mwachangu komanso kukula kupitilira madera ena.Bungwe la International Monetary Fund likulosera za kukula kwa 4.3 peresenti mu 2023. Chigamulo chokwanira, 2023 Asian steel imafuna pafupifupi matani 1.273 biliyoni, chaka ndi chaka kukula kwa 0.5%.

Europe

Pambuyo pa mkangano pakati pa Russia ndi Ukraine, ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi zimakhala zovuta, mphamvu ndi zakudya zamtengo wapatali zikupitirizabe kukwera, ndipo chuma cha ku Ulaya chidzakumana ndi mavuto aakulu ndi kusatsimikizika mu 2023. kusowa kwa mphamvu, kukwera mtengo kwa okhalamo komanso kugunda kwakukulu kwa chidaliro chabizinesi zonse zidzakhala zolepheretsa chitukuko cha chuma ku Europe.Chigamulo chonse, 2023 ku Europe kufunikira kwachitsulo kuli pafupifupi matani 193 miliyoni, kutsika kwapachaka kwa 1.4%.

Kuchokera kuneneratu kusintha kwa zitsulo zofunikira m'madera akuluakulu a dziko:

Mu 2022, mothandizidwa ndi mikangano ya Russia-Ukraine komanso kugwa kwachuma, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo ku Asia, Europe, mayiko a CIS ndi South America onse adawonetsa kutsika.Pakati pawo, mayiko a CIS ndiwo adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mkangano wapakati pa Russia ndi Ukraine, ndipo chitukuko cha zachuma cha mayiko a m'deralo chinalephereka kwambiri, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazitsulo kunachepa ndi 8,8% pachaka.Kumpoto kwa America, Africa, Middle East, Oceania zitsulo zogwiritsa ntchito ziwonetsero zikukwera, chaka ndi chaka kukula kwa 0.9%, 2.9%, 2.1%, 4.5%.Mu 2023, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kufunikira kwazitsulo m'mayiko a CIS ndi ku Ulaya kudzapitirirabe, pamene kufunikira kwazitsulo m'madera ena kudzawonjezeka pang'ono.

Kuchokera pakusintha kwazitsulo zofunidwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana:

Mu 2023, kufunikira kwachitsulo ku Asia kudzakhalabe malo oyamba padziko lapansi, kukhala pafupifupi 71%.Europe ndi North America apitirizabe kukhala wachiwiri ndi wachitatu padziko lapansi malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zomwe zimafunidwa, pomwe gawo la zitsulo zaku Europe lidzatsika ndi 0.2 peresenti mpaka 10.7%, pomwe gawo la North America zitsulo. kufunikira kudzakwera ndi 0.3 peresenti mpaka 7.5%.Mu 2023, chiwerengero cha zitsulo zofunikira m'mayiko a CIS chidzachepetsedwa kufika 2.8%, mofanana ndi Middle East;Kufuna kwachitsulo ku Africa ndi South America kudakwera mpaka 2.3% ndi 2.4%.

Mwachidule, malinga ndi kuwunika kwa chitukuko cha zachuma padziko lonse ndi dera komanso kufunikira kwazitsulo, kufunikira kwazitsulo padziko lonse lapansi kukuyembekezeka kufika matani 1.801 biliyoni mu 2023, ndikukula kwa chaka ndi 0,4%.